Treaty of Natchez, 1792 (Spain) and Treaty of Boukfouca, 1793 (Spain)

In 1791 the Spanish traveled up the Mississippi River to an area known as Walnut Hills and built Fort Nogales. Choctaw leaders demanded that the fort be removed since the Spanish were trespassing on Choctaw lands. The Spanish invited the Choctaw leaders for discussions about the fort in the town of Natchez. In 1792, Choctaw chiefs met and agreed to allow the fort to remain within their hunting lands if the Spanish agreed to pay annual gifts to the Choctaw Nation (Holmes 1969: 151). Later that year, the Spanish asked the Choctaws for permission to occupy the remains of Fort Tombecbe. The old wooden stockade was torn down and a new earthwork fort was built in its place. The Spanish named it Fort Confederation in honor of the relationship between the Choctaw and Spanish (Holmes 1969:152).

Due to the 1795 Treaty of San Lorenzo, Spain would transfer its land holdings in the region over to the United States. By 1797, the Spanish would evacuate their garrison, and the village of Itombi Ikbi would move. The white bluff that housed Fort Tombecbe, Fort York, and Fort Confederation would be uninhabited until 1815, when the United States built the Choctaw Trading House, or factory, along Bok Itombi Ikbi. Soon, the creek was renamed Factory Creek by the Americans, which retains its name today (Hamilton 1910: 376).